“The Great Divide”
Pastor Randy Butler
As a pastor in Seattle I often met people who were in need, sometimes desperate need. Our church was up the hill from a major street through the city – Aurora Avenue, which was and still is old Hwy 99. So all kinds of people would walk up the hill to our church looking for help. When I first arrived in 1998 a guy came to the church looking for a bus ticket or a ride to Edmonds. I was new and full of idealism and I gladly gave him a ride. It was October, the weather was starting to cool and I even gave him my fleece. It was a nice forest green fleece pullover, I remember it well. As time went on others came and went, and I found that my compassion cooled somewhat in view of the harsh realities of urban life.
There was a man who once threatened me as we talked one afternoon in the fellowship hall. I called the police, but he left. I was approached by another very disturbed man who got right up in my face, swore at me and then spit on me. So after a while my response to those in need depended often on my own state of mind at the time, and the person, and the resources we had at the church. One man would come every few months or so, nicely dressed, very intelligent, always wanted to talk theology, but that simply hid his need for food and shelter. We helped when we could but sometimes we couldn’t. So in the terms suggested by Jesus’ parable, I could be a sheep one day and a goat the next.I have to tell you, I don’t think I have ever preached on this parable. I find it challenging, disturbing, even kind of haunting, and so I suppose I have avoided it. But it comes as the culmination of Jesus’ teaching in the gospel of Matthew, his last teaching, just before the account of the passion so it is the final and conclusive exhortation of Jesus before his crucifixion. And that means that it is a really important parable and lesson. Matthew intends it to be so, by his placement of it. And clearly Jesus meant it so too.
And so as I dove into it in detail really for the first time, I was blessed and I emerge from my study this week more trusting of this parable than I once was. And I discovered that it is full of surprises. The parable pictures Jesus on the throne before the cosmic multitudes at the end of the age, separating the human family into two groups – one group who respond with compassion to those in desperate need, and another group of those who do not, the sheep to the right and the goats to the left. But here is the surprise in this great separation: there is no talk about what we believe as the dividing criteria, there is no confession of sin, no repentance, no sinners’ prayer, no prayer at all really, no statement of faith, no profession of faith in Jesus. And that doesn’t sound like what we usually hear from our churches, where we have made doctrine and belief the primary dividing line between the righteous and the unrighteous.
There are several places where you can stand on the North American Continental Divide. I had the opportunity when I was I backpacking in Banff National Park in Alberta many years ago. And it was really something to stand on the very spot and look to one side where everything flows into the Pacific Ocean and then look to the other side where everything flows to the Atlantic Ocean. We call it the Continental Divide or the Great Divide.
What this parable of Jesus is teaching us is that there is one great divide among all people, for all time. But it doesn’t have to do with our religion, our political affiliation, who we voted for in the 2020 presidential election, whether you are Republican or Democrat. The great divide has nothing to do with whether you wear a mask or not. It isn’t a division between men and women, black or white. The only thing that ultimately distinguishes us one from another is our response to those in desperate need. The great divide is drawn right through our hearts really, and we will fall to one side or the other based our response to those in need.
That is the first surprise. The second surprise is this: When we serve others in need we are serving Jesus himself. “When was it Lord that we saw you hungry and gave you food, thirsty and gave you a drink? When was it that we clothed, welcomed and visited you?” Jesus’ answer, “Just as you did it to the least of my sisters and brothers, you did it to me.” Now there is plenty in the New Testament about belief in Jesus, and the importance of faith in Jesus. The most famous verse in the New Testament, John 3:16, says, “For God so loved the world that he gave his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him may not perish but have eternal life.” The end of John’s gospel says that, “these things were written so that you may come to believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God, and that through believing you may have life in his name.”
But perhaps right here in our parable is where faith in Jesus and the love of others meets. When we love others we love Jesus. When we serve others we serve Jesus. In some of our traditional language about faith we speak of receiving Christ; of accepting Christ into our hearts. Matthew is saying that we receive Christ when we receive the stranger, the prisoner, the hungry. He is saying that we accept Christ when we accept the thirsty, the sick and the poor. In receiving them we are receiving Christ. In accepting them into our hearts we accept Christ into our hearts. We see and meet Christ when we see and meet those in need.
Now it is easy to take a text like this and use it as a kind of scorecard, a checklist. “Let’s see, I gave that guy in front of the store a granola bar awhile back. That makes me one of the sheep, right? I wasn’t very welcoming of that woman who knocked on my door though – I guess I’m sort of a goat. But I did recently visit my sick niece – surely that qualifies me for the sheep? I’ve never really visited anyone in prison – that makes me a goat.” Then we tally it all up to determine whether we are to inherit the kingdom prepared for us since the foundation of the world with the rest of the sheep, or whether we are destined for the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels along with the goats.
That of course is not what this parable intends. It intends rather to invite us to examine our general disposition, to ask where it is we live in relation to the great divide. Is our heart generally open to those who are in need or not? Do we respond to those in need or close our door in their face?
Part of the grace of the parable is that the actions that Jesus lists are not out of reach for us. We are not expected to heal the sick, just visit the sick. We don’t need to eradicate world hunger – just give someone a sandwich. We don’t have to begin an international relief effort, we simply have to give someone a shirt or a pair of shoes. We do some of these things already. We help at Backpacks or the Open Door. We take our clothes to the Good Will or other charity. We donate food to the food bank. These things are all doable, if we are generally disposed in our hearts to respond and act.
I would point out that the parable is very specific and personal. I was sick, says Jesus, and you visited, I was hungry and you gave me something. So what Jesus is talking about takes concrete individual action. It’s not limited to a general frame of mind. It invites us to encounter other human beings, to be face to face with another human being in need, in whose face we see the very face of Christ.
Still don’t be frightened by this parable, like I have been. Take it seriously, O yes, take it seriously. That is what Jesus wants, what Mathew wants. It is a wake-up call parable, but it need not keep us awake at night, tossing and turning over whether we belong with the sheep or the goats. Psalm 100 says, “Know that the Lord is God, It is he that made us and we are his, we are the sheep of his pasture.” In the gospel of John Jesus says, “I am the good shepherd, the good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep.” We can trust in God’s shepherd-like love given to us in Jesus Christ. It is in the security of being loved that we in turn can love. It is the assurance of having received that we can then give ourselves to others, and take seriously the exhortation of the good shepherd to tend to the needs of others in our church, our community and our world.